-- FINE-GRAIN TANK DEVELOPER Ansco 12
This fine-grain formula keeps well and makes an excellent tank developer.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 8.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite, anhydrous 125.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, anhydrous - 5.75 grams
Potassium Bromide - 2.5 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. Develop 9 to 16 minutes at 68 F (20 deg C).
-- FINE-GRAIN BORAX TANK DEVELOPER Ansco 17
This is a fine grain developer recommended for all Ansco roll, pack and 35 mm films. It can also be used for obtaining soft gradation with Ansco portrait and press films. It is recommended for motion picture negative development.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 1.5 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 80.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 3.0 grams
Borax, granular - 3.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 0.5 gram
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Dissolve in the order given. Do not dilute for use.
Tank Development Time at 68 deg F (20 deg C): 10 to 15 minutes for fine-grain films. 12 to 20 minutes for press and portrait sheet films.
Tank Development Time at 68 deg F (20 deg C): 8 to 12 minutes, depending
on film type and density desired.
-- REPLENISHER SOLUTION Ansco 17a
For Ansco 17. Add 1/2 to 3/4 ounce of replenisher to Ansco 17 for each roll of 120 film or 36-exposure 35 mm film (or equivalent) developed. Maintain original volume of developer, discarding if necessary some used developer. No increase in original developing time is necessary when replenisher is used in this manner.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 2.2 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 80.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 4.5 grams
Borax, granular - 18.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Dissolve chemicals in the order given.
-- FINE GRAIN METABORATE TANK DEVELOPER Ansco 17M
This developer is recommended for those who desire a formula similar to Ansco 17, but permitting greater variation in developing time.
Hot Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 1.5 grams
Sodium Sulfite - 80.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 3.0 grams
Sodium Metaborate - 2.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 0.5 gram
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. Developing time at 68 deg F (20 deg C) is 10 to 15 minutes for fine grain films. Larger amounts of metaborate may be used with corresponding reduction of developing time (up to 10 grams of metaborate per liter with a developing time of 5 minutes at 68 deg F or 20 deg C) although slightly coarser grain will result.
-- REPLENISHER SOLUTION Ansco 17 M-a
For Ansco 17M Developer. Add 1/2 to 3/4 ounce of replenisher to Ansco 17M for each roll of 120 film or 36-exposure 35 mm film (or equivalent) developed. Maintain original volume of developer, discarding if necessary some used developer. No increase in original developing time is necessary when replenisher is used in this manner.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C)- 750.0 ml
Metol - 2.2 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 80.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 4.5 grams
Sodium Metaborate - 8.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Dissolve ingredients in the order given
-- M-H POSITIVE DEVELOPER Ansco 20
This clean-working developer is recommended for normal contrast with tray or tank development of positive film.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 2.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite, anhydrous - 25.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 4.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 18.5 grams
Potassium Bromide - 2.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. Normal developing time 3 to 5 minutes.
-- M-H TITLE DEVELOPER Ansco 22
This formula is recommended for tray or tank development of cine title film and positive film to obtain results of high contrast.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) -750.0 ml
Metol - 0.8 grams
Sodium Sulfite, anhydrous - 40.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 8.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 50.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 5.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. Normal developing time 5 to 8 minutes at 65 deg F (18 deg C).
-- X-RAY DEVELOPER Ansco 30
This developer is recommended for use with X-ray Film. Ansco 30 is also suitable for AERIAL FILM, as it is clean working, has long life and gives high contrast.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 3.5 grams
Sodium Sulfite, anhydrous - 60.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 9.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate - 40.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 2.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use.
Normal development time at 68 deg F (20 deg C): for X-ray Film, 6 minutes; for Non-Screen X-ray Film, 8 minutes; for aerial films, 10 to 15 minutes depending upon the type of developing machine.
-- M-H TRAY DEVELOPER Ansco 40
This is a brilliant Metol-Hydroquinone tray developer for roll, pack, and cut film.
STOCK SOLUTION
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 900.0 ml
Metol - 4.5 grams
Sodium Sulfite, anhydrous - 54.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 7.5 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 54.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 3.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
For use dilute 1 part stock solution with 2 parts water. Development time 4 to 5 minutes at 68 Deg F (20 deg C).
-- M-H TANK DEVELOPER Ansco 42
This is a soft-working deep tank formula recommended for pack, roll, and portrait films.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 0.8 gram
Sodium Sulfite, anhydrous - 45.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 1.2 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 8.0 grams
Potassium Metabisulfite - 4.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 1.5 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. Develop 15 to 20 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- PYRO DEVELOPER Ansco 45
This formula is recommended to those who prefer Pyro development. Stock solutions should be kept in stoppered bottles.
STOCK SOLUTIONS
SOLUTION 1
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Bisulfite - 9.8 grams
Pyro - 60.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 1.1 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
SOLUTION 2
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 105.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
SOLUTION 3
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 85.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Tank Development--Take 1 part Solution 1, 2, 3 and add 11 parts water. Normal development time, from 9 to 12 minutes at 68 F (20 deg C). Tray Development--Take 1 part each Solution 1, 2, 3 and add 7 parts water. Normal development time, from 6 to 8 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C). Solutions will keep well when stored separately but final developer should be used immediately after mixing.
-- METOL HYDROQUINONE DEVELOPER Ansco 47
This is a long-life, clean-working formula which will give excellent results for either tray or tank development. It is a standard sheet film developer.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 1.5 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 45.0 grams
Sodium Bisulfite - 1.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 3.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 6.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 0.8 gram
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
For the developing times below, do not dilute for use. Tank Development--Normal development time, 6 to 8 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C) with occasional agitation. Tray Development -- Normal development time, 5 to 7 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- REPLENISHER SOLUTION Ansco 47A
For Formula Ansco 47. Add 1/4 to 3/4 ounce of replenisher to Ansco 47 for each roll of 120 film (or equivalent) developed. Maintain original volume of developer, discarding if necessary some used developer. No increase in original developing time is necessary when replenisher is used in this manner.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 3.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 45.0 grams
Sodium Bisulfite - 2.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 6.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 12.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Dissolve chemicals in the order given.
-- METABORATE DEEP TANK DEVELOPER Ansco 48M
The formula is recommended for photo finishing, professional and amateur developing, and is suitable for deep tank use over a long period of time. Tray Development--Normal developing time, 4 to 6 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
Hot water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 2.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite - 40.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 1.5 grams
Sodium Metaborate - 10.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 0.5 gram
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. Tank Development--Normal developing time, 5 to 7 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- REPLENISHER SOLUTION Ansco 48 M-a
For Ansco 48M Developer. Add 1/2 to 3/4 ounce replenisher to Ansco 48M for each roll of 120 film (or equivalent) developed. Maintain original volume of developer, discarding if necessary some used developer. No increase in original developing time is necessary when replenisher is used in
this manner.
Hot water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 6.3 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 30.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 10.0 grams
Sodium Metaborate - 40.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Dissolve all ingredients in the order stated.
-- M-H TRAY DEVELOPER Ansco 61
This developer is recommended for use with COMMERCIAL FILM to produce negatives of normal contrast. It may also be used satisfactorily for roll, pack, and sheet film for negatives of
average brilliance.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 1.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 15.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 2.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 15.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 1.0 gram
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. Normal development time, 4 to 6 minutes at 68 F (20 deg C).
-- RAPID M-H (TROPICAL) DEVELOPER Ansco 64
This is a clean-working developer of particular value for rapid development or development at high temperatures.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 2.5 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 25.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 6.5 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 16.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 1.0 gram
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use.
Normal development time--3 to 4 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C). 2 to 3 minutes at 85 deg F (29 deg C).
-- HYDROQUINONE CAUSTIC DEVELOPER Ansco 70
This developer is recommended for PROCESS FILM used, in reproduction work.
SOLUTION 1
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Hydroquinone - 25.0 grams
Potassium Metabisulfite - 25.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 25.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
SOLUTION 2
Cold water - 1.0 liter
*Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda) . 36.0 grams
or
*Potassium Hydroxide (Caustic Potash) 50.0 grams
*Cold water should always be used when dissolving sodium or potassium hydroxide because considerable heat is evolved. If hot water is used, the solution will boil with violence and may cause serious burns if the alkali spatters on the hands or face.
Mix equal parts of Solutions 1 and 2 immediately before use. Develop films within 3 minutes at
68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- GLYCIN DEVELOPER Ansco 72
This formula is recommended for use with COMMERCIAL FILMS in reproduction work and is also suitable for development of roll, pack, and sheet film.
STOCK SOLUTION
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 125.0 grams
Potassium Carbonate - 250.0 grams
Glycin - 50.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Tank Development--Take one part stock solution, fifteen parts water and develop 20 to 25 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C). Tray Development--Take one part stock solution, four parts water and develop 5 to 10 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- PARAFORMALDEHYDE DEVELOPER Ansco 79
One Solution Type.
This is a standard formula recommended for development of Reprolith and Reprolith Ortho Films. This one-solution formula is recommended for greater convenience. For better keeping quality the two-solution formula is preferred.
Water (not over 90 deg F or 32 deg C) - 500.0 ml
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 30.0 grams
Paraformaldehyde - 7.5 grams
Potassium Metabisulfite - 2.6 grams
Boric Acid Crystals - 7.5 grams
Hydroquinone - 22.5 grams
Potassium Bromide - 1.5 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Dissolve chemicals in the order given and use solution full strength. Normal Development time: For Reprolith Film 2 to 3 minutes; for Reprolith Orthochromatic Film 1 to 3 minutes-at 68 to 70 deg F (20 to 21 deg C).
-- PARAFORMALDEHYDE DEVELOPER Ansco 79b
Two Solution Type.
This developer has better keeping quality than when made in one solution.
SOLUTION 1
Water (not over 90 deg F or 32 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 1.0 gram
Paraformaldehyde - 30.0 grams
Potassium Metabisulfite - 10.5 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
SOLUTION 2
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 120.0 grams
Boric Acid Crystals - 30.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 90.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 6.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 3.0 liters
For use mix one part Solution 1 with three parts Solution 2. Normal Development Time--For Reprolith Film 2 to 3 minutes; for Reprolith Orthochromatic Film 1M to 3 minutes-at 65 to 70 deg F (18 to 21 deg C).
-- LONG-LIFE REPROLITH DEVELOPER Ansco 81
Formula Ansco 81 provides a single solution developer of excellent keeping quality for the development of REPROLITH FILM.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Hydroquinone - 35.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 55.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 80.0 grams
Citric Acid - 5.5 grams
Potassium Bromide - 10.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. Normal development time within 3 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- HIGH CONTRAST M-H TRAY DEVELOPER Ansco 90
This developer has been particularly designed for use with COMMERCIAL FILMS to produce negatives of brilliant contrast.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 5.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 40.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 6.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 40.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 3.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. Normal development time, 4 to 6 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
NOTE: This developer may be adapted for very high-contrast work by the addition of 3 grams of Potassium Bromide per liter developer and development of 2 to 3 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C). This addition produces FORMULA: Ansco 73.
-- PAPER DEVELOPER Ansco 103
This formula is recommended as a developer for Cold Tone papers when cold, blue-black tones are desired.
STOCK SOLUTION
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 3.5 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 45.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 11.5 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 75.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 1.2 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
PAPER DEVELOPMENT: Dilute 1 part stock solution with 2 parts water. Normal development time is 1 to 1 « minutes.
DIRECT BROWN-BLACK PAPER DEVELOPER Ansco 110
Beautiful warm tones may be obtained with this developer on both contact and projection papers.
STOCK SOLUTION
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Hydroquinone - 22.5 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 57.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 75.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 2.75 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
For use dilute 1 part stock solution with 5 parts water.
Give prints 3 to 4 times normal exposure and develop 5 to 7 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- AMIDOL PAPER DEVELOPER Ansco 113
This formula is intended for tray development only and must be mixed fresh each time. It is recommended only for small lots of prints.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Amidol - 6.6 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 44.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 0.5 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Do not dilute for use. If hot water is used for dissolving chemicals the sodium sulfite and potassium bromide should be dissolved first and the amidol added only after the solution has cooled. For development of Cykora and similar papers use twice the amount of potassium bromide specified above. Develop 1 to 2 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- GLYCIN HYDROQUINONE DEVELOPER Ansco 115
This is a warm tone developer suitable for Allura and similar papers.
STOCK SOLUTION
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 90.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 150.0 grams
Glycin - 30.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 9.5 grams
Potassium Bromide - 4.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
For warm tones, dilute 1 part stock solution with 3 parts water and develop prints 21/2 to 3 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C). For very warm tones and more open shadows, especially with Cykora, dilute 1 part stock solution with 6 parts water, giving prints 3 to 4 times normal exposure and 2 « to 5 minutes development. Because of dilution of the developer, solution will exhaust more rapidly and will require more frequent replacement.
-- SOFT-WORKING PAPER DEVELOPER Ansco 120
This is a soft-working developer, primarily intended for portrait work where soft gradation is required.
STOCK SOLUTION
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 12.3 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 36.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 36.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 1.8 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
For use, dilute 1 part stock solution with 2 parts water. Normal developing time, 1 « to 3 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- METOL-HYDROQUINONE DEVELOPER Ansco 125
This formula is recommended for development of Allura, and similar papers. It can also be used for development of roll, pack and sheet film when brilliant negatives are desired.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 3.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 44.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 12.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 65.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 2.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
PAPER DEVELOPMENT: Dilute 1 part stock solution with 2 parts water. Develop 1 to 2 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C). For softer and slower development dilute 1 to 4 and develop 1 « to 3 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C). For greater brilliance, shorten the exposure slightly and lengthen the development time. For greater softness, lengthen the exposure slightly and shorten the development time.
FILM DEVELOPMENT: Dilute 1 part stock solution with 1 part water and develop 3 to 5 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C). For softer results, dilute 1 to 3 and develop 3 to 5 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- UNIVERSAL PAPER DEVELOPER Ansco 130
This formula is a universal developer for all projection and contact papers. It gives rich black tones with excellent brilliance and detail. Ansco 130 provides unusual latitude in development and is clean working even with long developing times.
STOCK SOLUTION
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 2.2 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 50.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 11.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 78.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 5.5 grams
Glycin - 11.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
The prepared stock solution is clear but slightly colored. The coloration in this case does not indicate the developer has deteriorated or is unfit for use. For use, dilute 1 part stock solution with 1 part water. Normal developing time at 68 deg F (20 deg C) 1 « to 3 minutes. Greater contrast can be obtained by using the developer stock solution full strength. Soft results can be obtained by diluting 1 part stock solution with 2 parts water.
-- WARM-TONE PAPER DEVELOPER Ansco 135
This developer is recommended for rich, warm-black tones with chloride and bromide papers, such as CYKO, CYKORA and INDIATONE.
STOCK SOLUTION
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Metol - 1.6 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 24.0 grams
Hydroquinone - 6.6 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 24.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 2.8 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
For use, dilute 1 part stock solution with 1 part water. A properly exposed print will be fully developed at 68 deg F (20 deg C) in about 1 « to 2 minutes. Complete development may be expected to take slightly longer with rough-surfaced papers than with semi-glossy or luster-surfaced papers. For greater softness, dilute the bath with water up to equal quantities of developer and water. To increase the warmth, add bromide up to double the amount in the formula. The quantity of bromide specified in the formula, however, assures rich, warm, well-balanced tones.
-- ACID HARDENING FIXING BATH Ansco 201
This hardening fixing bath for use with either film or paper may be stored in definitely and used repeatedly until exhausted. If the fixing bath froths, turns cloudy, or takes longer than 10 minutes to fix out completely, it must be replaced by a fresh solution.
SOLUTION 1
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 500.0 ml
Sodium Thiosulfate (Hypo) - 240.0 grams
SOLUTION 2
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 150.0 ml
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 15.0 grams
Acetic Acid (28 %) - 45.0 ml
Potassium Alum - 15.0 grams
Add solution 2 to 1 and water to make - 1.0 liter
Dissolve chemicals thoroughly in order given and stir rapidly while adding Solution 2 to Solution 1. Glacial Acetic Acid may be diluted to 28 % concentration by adding 3 parts of acid to 8 parts of water. Do not dilute for use. Normal fixing time 5 to 10 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- CHROME ALUM FIXING BATH Ansco 202
This hardening fixing bath for use with films in hot weather should be used fresh, as it does not retain its hardening solution.
SOLUTION 1
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 2.5 liters
Sodium Thiosulfate (hypo) - 960.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite, desiccated - 60.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 3.0 liters
SOLUTION 2
Water - 1.0 liter
Potassium Chrome Alum - 60.0 grams
Sulfuric Acid (C.P.)* - 8.00 ml
*CAUTION: Always add the sulfuric acid to the water slowly while stirring, and never the water to the acid, other wise the solution may boil and spatter the acid on the hands or the face, causing serious burns. Slowly pour Solution 2 into Solution 1 while rapidly stirring the latter. Do not dilute for use. Do not dissolve the chrome alum at a temperature higher than 150 deg F (66 deg C). Always rinse films thoroughly before fixing. Normal fixing time, 5 to 10 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- NONHARDENING METABISULFITE FIXING BATH Ansco 203
This fixing bath is recommended for use when hardening is not desired, as for instance, for greatest accuracy of registration in color work with Reprolith Film.
STOCK SOLUTION
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Thiosulfate (hypo) - 475.0 grams
Potassium Metabisulfite - 67.5 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
The potassium metabisulfite should be added to the hypo solution after it gets cool. Dilute 1 part stock solution with 1 part water. Normal fixing time, 5 to 10 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C).
-- ACID HARDENING FIXING BATH Ansco 204
For Films and Papers.
This hardening fixing bath for use with either film or paper may be stored indefinitely and used repeatedly until exhausted.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Thiosulfate (hypo) - 240.0 grams
Sodium Sulfite - 15.0 grams
Acetic Acid (28%) - 75.0 ml
Borax - 15.0 grams
Potassium Alum - 15.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Dissolve chemicals thoroughly in the order given and stir rapidly. Do not dilute for use. Normal fixing time, 5 to 10 minutes at 680 F (20 deg C). Glacial acetic acid may be diluted to 28% concentration by adding 3 parts of acid to 8 parts of water.
-- ACID STOP BATH Ansco 210
This solution is recommended for use between developer and fixer, to prevent staining of film negatives and prints.
Cold water - 750.0 ml
Acetic Acid, 28% pure - 45.0 ml
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
*Glacial acetic acid (99.5%) may be diluted to the 28% concentration by mixing 3 parts of glacial acetic acid with 8 parts of water.
-- CHROME ALUM HARDENING BATH Ansco 216
This bath may be used in place of the regular acetic stop bath to give additional hardening to film. It is particularly desirable in hot weather, for tropical development, and for negatives which have to be enlarged wet.
Cold water - 750.0 ml
Potassium Chrome Alum - 30.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Films should be agitated thoroughly when immersed in the solution. Maximum hardening will be obtained with about 3 minutes treatment. The solution should be used fresh, as it does not keep well. Formation of a greenish sludge is an indication that the solution should be replaced by a fresh bath. If the chrome alum used is such that a sludge is formed when the bath is first used, an addition of concentrated sulfuric acid (2 ml per liter) can be made to the solution to overcome this condition.
-- SEPIA TONER Ansco 221
This toner is recommended for warm-brown sepia tones.
SOLUTION 1 (Bleach)
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Potassium Ferricyanide - 50.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 10.0 grams
Sodium Carbonate, monohydrated - 20.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
SOLUTION 2 (Redeveloper)
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
Sodium Sulfide, desiccated - 45.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 500.0 ml
For use as described below, dilute 1 part Solution 2 with 8 parts water.
IMPORTANT--Be sure to use sodium sulfide, not sodium sulfite, in compounding the redeveloper. Also use clean trays, free from exposed iron spots, especially with bleaching bath. otherwise blue spots may form on prints. Prints should be washed thoroughly and then bleached in Solution 1 until the black image is converted to a very light brown color (about 1 minute). Prints should then be washed for 10 to 15 minutes and redeveloped in diluted Solution 2. Redevelopment should be complete in about 1 minute. After redevelopment the prints should be washed for about 30 minutes and then dried. If the toner should leave sediment which results in streaks or finger marks on the surface of the paper, the print should be immersed for a few seconds in a 3% solution of acetic acid, after which a 10 minute washing is necessary.
-- HYPO ALUM TONER Ansco 222
This toner is recommended for beautiful reddish-brown tones.
SOLUTION 1
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 2350.0 ml
Sodium Thiosulfate (hypo) - 450.0 grams
SOLUTION 2
Water - 30.0 ml
Silver Nitrate - 1.3 grams
SOLUTION 3
Water - 30.0 ml
Potassium Iodide - 2.7 grams
Add Solution 2 to Solution 1. Then add Solution 3 to the mixture. Finally add 105 grams of Potassium Alum to this solution, and heat the entire bath to the boiling point, or until sulfurization takes place (indicated by a milky appearance of the solution). Tone prints 20 to 60 minutes in this bath at 110-125 deg F (43-52 deg C). Agitate prints occasionally until toning is complete.
Care should be taken to see that the blacks are fully converted before removing the prints from the toning bath, otherwise double tones may result.
-- NELSON GOLD TONER Ansco 223
E. K. Co., U.S. Patent No. 1,849,245
With this toner it is possible to obtain a variety of pleasing brown tones by varying the time of toning. Prints may be removed from the bath when the desired color is reached. This formula is suitable for use with Contact Type 1100. Not for use with Allura.
SOLUTION 1
Warm water, about 125 deg F (52 deg C) - 4.0 liters
Sodium Thiosulfate (hypo) - 960.0 grams
Ammonium Persulfate - 120.0 grams
Dissolve the Hypo completely before adding the Persulfate. Stir vigorously while adding the Persulfate. If the bath does not turn milky, increase the temperature until it does.
Prepare following solution and add it (including precipitate) slowly to the Hypo-Persulfate solution while stirring the latter rapidly. Bath must be cool when these solutions are added together.
Cold water - 64.0 ml
Silver Nitrate - 5.2 grams
Sodium Chloride - 5.2 grams
Note: The Silver Nitrate should be dissolved completely before adding Sodium Chloride.
SOLUTION 2
Water - 250.0 ml
Gold Chloride - 1.0 gram
For use, add (125 ml) of Solution 2 slowly to Solution 1 while stirring the latter rapidly. The bath should not be used until after it has become cold and has formed a sediment. Then pour off the clear liquid for use. Pour the clear solution into a tray standing in a water bath and heat to 110 deg F (43 deg C). The temperature, when toning, should be between 100 and 110 deg F (38 and 43 deg C). Dry prints should be soaked thoroughly in water before toning. Keep at hand an un-toned black-and-white print for comparison during toning. Prints should be separated at all times to insure even toning. When the desired tone is obtained, rinse the prints in cold water. After all prints
have been toned, return them to the fixing bath for five minutes, then wash for one hour in running
water. The bath should be revived at intervals by the addition of further quantities of the gold Solution 2. The quantity to be added will depend upon the number of prints toned and the time of toning. For example, when toning to a warm brown, add 4 ml of solution after each fifty 8 x 10 prints, or their equivalent, have been toned. Fresh solution may be added from time to time to keep the bath up to the proper volume.
-- GOLD TONED Ansco 231
This formula gives a range of red tones to sepia-toned prints, the brilliance of the tone depending on the paper used. On some papers brilliant chalk red tones can be formed. If desired, deep blue tones may also be obtained with this formula by using black-and-white prints instead of prints that have first been sepia-toned. Unusual effects of mixed tones of blue-black shadows and soft reddish highlights can be produced by using prints which have been partially toned in a Hypo Alum sepia toner.
For Red Tones: Prints must first be bleached and processed by the sulfide redevelopment method (see Ansco 221). After washing, place prints in above solution until toning is complete (requires 15 to 45 minutes). For redder tones one-half the specified amount of Thiocyanate may be used. For Deep Blue Tones: Omit sepia toning operation and place well-washed black-and-white prints directly in above toning solution. For Mixed Tones: Prints should be incompletely toned in a Hypo Alum Toner, such as Ansco 222, and washed before treatment in above solution.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 750.0 ml
*Ammonium Thiocyanate - 105.0 grams
Gold Chloride, 1% Solution - 60.0 ml
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
*May be substituted by:
Sodium Thiocyanate - 110.0 grams
or
Potassium Thiocyanate - 135.0 grams
1 gram of Gold Chloride dissolved in 100 ml of water will make a 1% solution.
-- IRON BLUE TONER Ansco 241
Producing brilliant blue tones, this formula is suitable for use with Allura papers.
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 500.0 ml
Ferric Ammonium Citrate - 8.0 grams
Potassium Ferricyanide - 8.0 grams
Acetic Acid, 28% - 265.0 ml
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
Solution should be prepared with distilled water if possible. If enameled iron trays are used, no chips or cracks in the enamel should be present or spots and streaks may appear in the print. Prints for blue toning should be fixed in plain, non-hardening hypo bath (which should be kept at a temperature of 68 deg F (20 deg C) or under to avoid undue swelling). When prints have been fully toned in the above solution, they will be greenish in appearance, but will be easily washed out to a clear blue color when placed in running water. The depth of the blue toning will vary somewhat with the quality of prints toned in it, light-toned prints generally toning to lighter blues. Some intensification of the print usually occurs in toning; consequently, prints should be slightly lighter than the density desired in the final toned print. Wash water should be acidified slightly with acetic acid, since the blue tone is considerably weakened when wash is quite soluble in alkaline solutions and water is alkaline. Pleasing variations in the tone can be obtained by bathing the washed prints in a 0.5 % solution (5 grams per liter) of Borax which produces softer, blue-gray tones, the extent depending on the length of treatment.
-- MONCKHOVEN'S INTENSIFIER Ansco 331
For Reproduction Films.
This formula gives very great intensification and contrast for line drawing and halftone reproduction work.
SOLUTION 1
Cold water - 750.0 ml
Potassium Bromide - 23.0 grams
*Mercuric Chloride - 23.0 grams
Cold water to make - 1.0 liter
SOLUTION 2
Cold water - 1.0 liter
*Potassium Cyanide - 23.0 grams
Silver Nitrate - 23.0 grams
Cold water to make - 1.0 liter
*WARNING--Because of the deadly poisonous nature of this intensifier, it should be used with care and bottles containing it should be suitably marked. Never mix cyanide solutions with acids or use them in poorly ventilated rooms. Discard waste solutions into running water. The silver nitrate and the potassium cyanide should be dissolved in separate lots of water, and the former added to the latter until a permanent precipitate is produced. The mixture is allowed to stand 15 minutes, and after filtering, forms Solution 2. Place negatives in Solution 1 until bleached through, then rinse and place in Solution 2. If intensification is carried too far, the negative may be reduced with a weak solution of hypo.
-- CHROMIUM INTENSIFIER Ansco 332
This formula is recommended because it is convenient in use and gives permanent results. The degree and character of intensification can be controlled to an extent by modification of the developing time used for the redeveloper.
Cold water - 1.0 liter
Potassium Bichromate - 9.0 grams
Hydrochloric Acid (C.P.) - 6.0 ml
Immerse negatives in this solution until bleached, wash for 5 minutes in running water, and redevelop in bright but diffused light in a Metol Hydroquinone developer such as Ansco 47. Negatives should then be given a 15 minute wash before drying. Intensification may be repeated for increased effect. If any blue coloration of the film base is noticeable after intensification, it may be easily removed by washing the film for 2 or 3 seconds in water containing a few drops of ammonia, in a 5% solution of potassium metabisulfite, or a 5% solution of sodium sulfite. This treatment should be followed by a thorough washing in water.
-- GREEN TONER Ansco 251
This formula produces rich green tones by combining the effects of iron blue toning and sulfide sepia toning. It must, however, be employed carefully and with particular attention both to the directions outlined below and to cleanliness in handling prints throughout all steps of the process. This formula will work with most warm-tone Bromide papers, but it would be wise to test the paper you select before attempting production.
SOLUTION 1
Water - 1.0 liter
Potassium Ferricyanide - 40.0 grams
Ammonia 0.91 S.G. (25% in weight) - 15.0 ml
SOLUTION 2
Water - 1.0 liter
Ferric Ammonium Citrate - 17.0 grams
Hydrochloric Acid (C.P.) - 40.0 ml
SOLUTION 3
Water - 1.0 liter
Sodium Sulfide - 2.0 grams
*Hydrochloric Acid (C.P.) - 10.0 ml
*Do not add Hydrochloric Acid to Solution 3 until immediately before use.
Black and white prints to be toned should be darker and softer than a normal print, using approximately 25% overexposure on the next softer grade of paper. Development of the print should be carried out in a suitable developer (A125 or A135) with particular attention given to avoid underdevelopment or forcing the print with over-development. Prints should be fixed as usual, thoroughly washed and completely dried before toning. Prints to be toned should be first soaked in cold water until limp and then placed in Solution 1 until bleached. This operation should be completed in 60 seconds or less, and the bleached prints immediately transferred to running water where thorough washing (at least 30 minutes) is effected. Bleached prints are then placed in Solution 2 for 45 seconds to 1 minute, toning being permitted to continue until the deepest shadows are completely toned. Prints should then be washed briefly (4 to 6 minutes), excessive washing being undesirable in view of the solubility of the blue image. If wash water is slightly alkaline, it should be acidified somewhat with acetic acid to prevent degradation of the blue tone during washing. The blue-toned prints are next immersed in Solution 3 until the green tone is sufficiently strong, the operation requiring about 30 seconds. Toned prints should then receive a final washing of 20 to 30 minutes in neutral or slightly acidified wash water and dried. Avoid heat and belt drying machines for drying. All solutions should be prepared within 24 hours before use. Great care should be taken to avoid contamination of Solutions 1 and 2. Even slight traces of Solution 1 carried over on hands or prints into Solution 2 can cause blue stains. Solution 3 should be used in a well ventilated room, preferably near an open window or exhaust fan to lessen chance of inhaling hydrogen sulfide formed in the solution.
-- FARMER'S REDUCER Ansco 310
This is a cutting reducer for lessening the density of heavy negatives and at the same time increasing their contrast. It is especially valuable for reproduction films to clear the whites.
SOLUTION 1
Water (125 deg F or 52 deg C) - 500.0 ml
Sodium Thiosulfate (hypo) - 240.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
SOLUTION 2
Water - 500.0 ml
Potassium Ferricyanide - 19.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 250.0 ml
For use mix one part Solution 2 and four parts Solution 1 in 32 parts water. Solutions 1 and 2 should be stored separately and mixed immediately before use.
-- FLATTENING REDUCER Ansco 311
This reducer is useful for lessening the density and contrast of heavy negatives.
Cold water - 500.0 ml
Potassium Ferricyanide - 35.0 grams
Potassium Bromide - 10.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1 liter
Bleach in this solution and after thorough washing, redevelop to desired density and contrast in Ansco 47 or other negative developer except fine grain developers. Then fix and wash in usual manner. Conduct operation in subdued light.
-- MERCURY INTENSIFIER Ansco 330
This intensifier is recommended for increasing the printing density of thin, hat negatives.
Cold water - 500.0 ml
Potassium Bromide - 10.0 grams
*Mercuric Chloride - 10.0 grams
Add cold water to make - 1.0 liter
*POISON--DANGER
Do not dilute for use. Negatives to be intensified must be very thoroughly washed first, or yellow stains may result on the intensified negative. Immerse negatives in above solution until thoroughly bleached to the base of the film and then wash in water containing a few drops of hydrochloric acid. Redevelop bleached negatives in 5% Sodium Sulfite or any standard developer. Surface scum which forms during storage of the bleaching solution does not affect the bleach but should be removed before using the solution.
-- PINAKRYPTOL GREEN DESENSITIZER Ansco 351
This solution is suitable for treatment of exposed films previous to development, to permit increased darkroom illumination and greater safety for film inspection during development.
STOCK SOLUTION
Pinakryptol Green - 1.0 gram
*Water to make - 500.0 ml
*Use of a 50-50 water-alcohol mixture for solution will improve the keeping qualities of the desensitizer.
For use, dilute 1 part stock solution with 10 parts water. Immerse films for 2 minutes at 68 deg F (20 deg C) with room in total darkness, and then transfer to developing solution. After 2 minutes development, films may be inspected for 10 to 15 second periods at 1-minute intervals, illumination being supplied by a yellow-green safe light (such as Ansco A6 with 10-watt lamp) placed 2 to 3 feet distant. Desensitized films should be developed approximately 50% longer in Ansco 17 and Ansco 47, than non-treated films to obtain comparable gradation and shadow detail. If preferred, the same stock solution may be used directly in the developer in the proportion: 1 part desensitizer, 30 parts developer. This procedure should not be followed with developers containing more than 1 gram per liter (per quart) of hydroquinone.
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